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TV Production Process Pt. 1 (2/4/2010)
Ch. 1: The Television Production Process
Three Production Phases
Preproduction
Stage 1: Activities to transform idea into workable concept or script.
Stage 2: Production details
Location
Crews
Equipment
Production
Once you start rehearsals or enter a studio
Once you load equipment or go on location...
YOU ARE IN PRODUCTION
Postproduction
Audio and Video editing.
Color corrections.
Selection of background music.
Creation of special audio effects.
Production Models
Effect-to-Cause Model
Basic Idea -->
Desired Effect -->
Cause -->
Actual Effect
Medium Requirements
Carefully define the desired effect...
then you can decide quickly what you need:
Content expert, writer, director, crew
Process Message Shaping Medium Requirements
Effect-to-cause -->
Basic idea -->
Desired effect -->
Cause
Production People
Non-Technical
Executive Producer
In charge of several large productions or program series.
Manages budgets, coordinates with client, sources of finance, agents.
Producer
In charge of an individual project.
Responsible for all personnel working on the production.
Often serves as a writer and sometimes as a director.
Associate Producer
Assists producer in all production matters.
Line Producer
Supervises daily production activities on the set.
Field Producer
Assists producer by taking charge at remote locations (small stations don't have this).
Production Manager
Schedules equipment and personnel for studio and field productions.
Production Assistant (PA)
Assists producer and director during actual production.
Director
In charge of directing talent and technical operations.
Associate Director
Assists director, does timing, helps "ready" various operations (specific shots, etc.).
Floor Manager
In charge of all activities on the studio floor.
Coordinates talent, sets up scenery, provides director's cues.
Additional Production Personnel
Writer
In small stations, the producer or director usually do the writing.
Art Director
In charge of creative design (sets, locations, graphics).
Graphic Artist
Prepares computer graphics, titles, charts, digital backgrounds.
Makeup Artist
Costume Designer
Wardrobe person
Property Manager
Manages use of set and props.
Small operations use the floor manager for this.
Sound Designer
Constructs the complete soundtrack in postproduction.
Technical
Engineering staff
Chief Engineer
In charge of all technical personnel, equipment and budgets.
Asst. Chief Engineer
Assists chief engineer in all techical matters and operations.
Studio/Remote Engineer in Charge (EIC)
Oversees all technical operations
Maintenance Eng.
Maintains all technical equipment and troubleshoots during production.
Non-Engineering Technical Staff
Technical Director (TD)
Does the switching and acts as technical crew chief.
Camera Operators
Also called videographers.
Director of Photography (DP)
In charge of lighting and camera in the field (usually in film productions).
Lighting Director (LD)
In charge of lighting usually only on large productions.
Video Operator (VO)
Adjusts camera controls (shading) for optimal pictures.
Audio Technician
In charge of all audio operations.
Works audio console during the show.
Video-record Operator
Runs tape or digital disk-based recording devices.
Character Generator (C.G.) Operator
Video Editor
OUR Production Peopl
Non-Technical
Producer
Writer
Director/Floor Manager (combined)
Technical:
Technical Dir. (TD)
Camera Operators
News Director
Producer
Assignment Editor
Reporter
Video Journalist
Videographer